CEFRG.ca

Category: Soldiers

Between 1914 and 1919, over 650,000 Canadians served at home and overseas during the Great War. On the Western Front in Belgium and France, Canadian soldiers of the Great War distinguished themselves in numerous battles, including Second Battle of Ypres, Battle of Vimy Ridge, and Second Battle of Passchendaele. In Canada’s Last Hundred Days of the Great War, Canadian soldiers at the sharp end of the spear breaking through the enemy’s formidable trench defences, the Hindenburg Line. Their efforts have inspired these soldier stories.

Collections

Many collections used to bring the soldier stories to life. First, and foremost, the Personnel Records of the soldiers serving in the Canadian Expeditionary Force (CEF). This collection, like the others to follow, digitized and made available by Library and Archives Canada (LAC). Secondly, the War Diaries of the CEF often provide vital information about a soldier’s life not contained in their service file. Finally, Circumstances of Death (CoD), War Graves Registers (GRRF), and Veterans Death Cards provide further information on The Fallen. These three collections in conjunction with records of the Commonwealth War Graves Commission (CWGC) vital to cases of identification and recovery of The Missing.

Courts Martial Records (FGCM)

Additional collections used to present the soldier stories include Courts Martial Records. Courts martial had the authority to try a wide range of military offences that resembled civilian crimes like fraud, theft or perjury. Others, like desertion and cowardice – purely military crimes. Records of individual courts martial consist of an average of 20 to 25 documents, mainly standardized forms. These document the trial and the charges under the Army Act.

MIKAN photo collection

Finally, the most powerful way of bringing soldier stories of the Great War to life, the images of the MIKAN collection digitized by LAC.  Often complementing these photos – images held by the Imperial War Museum (IWM), some of which also contain images captured by the Official Canadian War Photographers (CWRO) during the Great War. Both LAC and IWM have film collections which further bring the reality of the soldier stories of the Great War to life.

  • Private Harold McLennan Paton, No. 1 Cdn. Fld. Amb., in the Great War

    CEFRG presents the story of Private Harold McLennan Paton, No. 1 Canadian Field, Ambulance, C.A.M.C. Harold McLennan Paton was a Stretcher Bearer with Canada’s First Contingent in the Great War. Harold served for over 29 months before he was wounded at the Battle of Hill 70.

    Early life

    Private Harold McLennan Paton 34648 was born 29 December 1892 in Cathcart, Glasgow, Scotland. He was a Machinist by trade. Harold had trouble with his right knee, in 1907, when it was drained. He had explained it was the reason for him becoming a machinist when he enlisted.

    Harold’s mother, Mrs. H. McLennan, resided at 140 McCauley St., East Hamliton, Ont. Harold was Presbyterian. Harold stood 5′ 5″ tall, 140 pounds, with dark complexion, brown eyes, and brown hair. He had previous military service with 124 Ambulance, Hamilton.

    Stretcher Bearer

    Private Paton enlisted with No. 2 Canadian General Hospital, C.A.M.C. on 9 September 1914 at Valcartier, Quebec. Harold will serve over 29 months in Belgium and France with No. 1 Canadian Field Ambulance, C.A.M.C., as a Stretcher Bearer under command of Lt.-Col. A.E. Ross. Sailed on SS MEGANTIC, 30 September 1914. While stationed in England, Harold married Eva Clegg, of 40 Cheetham St., Lancashire, England. She later moved to 70 Ashton Road, West Failsworth, Manchester, and after the war to Canada, ahead of her husband.

    Harold arrived in France serving with No. 1 Canadian Field Ambulance on 11 February 1915. Harold admitted to hospital the following week, to No. 1 Canadian General Hospital, 18 February 1915, tonsillitis, and discharged 23 February 1915.

    Service Record

    Harold’s service record interrupted only three times in 29 months. He had symptoms in his right knee during 1916 and had it drained at Le Treport. Harold developed a mild case of “NYD” the week before he was seriously wounded

    On 22 June 1916, Harold had some time for fun at the Canadian Corps Field Sports Competition, held at Dominion Lines of the 8th Canadian Infantry Battalion, west of Ypres. Official Canadian War Photographer Captain H.E. Knobel captured these photos. Harold is likely among the crowd.

    Field Sports (1st. Canadian Field Ambulance). Some of the crowd, Photo captured 22 June 1916, Rheninghelst, Belgium. MIKAN No. 3387300 Harold McLennan Paton
    Field Sports (1st. Canadian Field Ambulance). Some of the crowd, Photo captured 22 June 1916, Rheninghelst, Belgium. MIKAN No. 3387300

    There is no mention of any gallantry in Harold’s record. This has been the case not because acts of courage or gallantry, or instances of devotion to duty have been few. For they had been matters of daily occurrence. Without exception, men like Harold “carried on” under conditions which constantly demanded true soldierly qualities.

    Battle of Hill 70

    During the Battle of Hill 70 on 15 August 1917, Harold Paton, Stretcher Bearer, performing his duty, is severely wounded. He was packing a mate in a trench, when a Whiz-Bang exploded directly in front of them. Harold took the worst of it. He was a mess. GSW right anophthalmoe (eye), two small GSW’s on bridge of nose, shrapnel right forearm, shrapnel left arm, and shrapnel wounds to both legs.

    Admitted No. 30 General Hospital, Calais, 18 August 1917. To England, Royal Berks Hospital, Reading, 29 August 1917. Right eye removed at Reading, 1 October 1917. To Epsom, 1 November 1917. To Westcliffe, Folkestone, 19 November 1917.

    On 6 December 1916, in London, Harold received his glass eye. Captain N.C. Jones, C.A.M.C. of the medical board, on 8 December 1917, recommended that he be placed in Category “Biii” for four months. Harold still has two small paces of shrapnel below his right knee. It swells after much exertion.

    20 June 1918, admitted to No. 11 Canadian General Hospital, Moore Barracks, knee symptoms. Awarded 10 days sick furlough, 8 – 18 July 1918.

    Repatriation

    Invalided to Canada, 24 September 1918. Harold was A.W.L. from 8 a.m. 17 November to 9 p.m. 18 November 1918, Guelph, Ontario. Admonished and forfeited two days pay.

    Harold has his glass eye refitted at Guelph Military Convalescent Hospital on 27 November 1918. Discharged, with One Gold Stripe, at Hamilton, Ontario, 7 January 1919, medically unfit for service.

    He went home to his wife Eva, at 140 Macaulay St., East Hamilton, Ontario.

    Harold died 11 June 1983, in Hamilton, Ontario.