CEFRG.ca

Category: Soldiers

Between 1914 and 1919, over 650,000 Canadians served at home and overseas during the Great War. On the Western Front in Belgium and France, Canadian soldiers of the Great War distinguished themselves in numerous battles, including Second Battle of Ypres, Battle of Vimy Ridge, and Second Battle of Passchendaele. In Canada’s Last Hundred Days of the Great War, Canadian soldiers at the sharp end of the spear breaking through the enemy’s formidable trench defences, the Hindenburg Line. Their efforts have inspired these soldier stories.

Collections

Many collections used to bring the soldier stories to life. First, and foremost, the Personnel Records of the soldiers serving in the Canadian Expeditionary Force (CEF). This collection, like the others to follow, digitized and made available by Library and Archives Canada (LAC). Secondly, the War Diaries of the CEF often provide vital information about a soldier’s life not contained in their service file. Finally, Circumstances of Death (CoD), War Graves Registers (GRRF), and Veterans Death Cards provide further information on The Fallen. These three collections in conjunction with records of the Commonwealth War Graves Commission (CWGC) vital to cases of identification and recovery of The Missing.

Courts Martial Records (FGCM)

Additional collections used to present the soldier stories include Courts Martial Records. Courts martial had the authority to try a wide range of military offences that resembled civilian crimes like fraud, theft or perjury. Others, like desertion and cowardice – purely military crimes. Records of individual courts martial consist of an average of 20 to 25 documents, mainly standardized forms. These document the trial and the charges under the Army Act.

MIKAN photo collection

Finally, the most powerful way of bringing soldier stories of the Great War to life, the images of the MIKAN collection digitized by LAC.  Often complementing these photos – images held by the Imperial War Museum (IWM), some of which also contain images captured by the Official Canadian War Photographers (CWRO) during the Great War. Both LAC and IWM have film collections which further bring the reality of the soldier stories of the Great War to life.

  • Private Ambrose Hancock in the Great War

    Private Ambrose Hancock in the Great War

    Fort Garry Horse

    Private Ambrose Hancock son of Emily Hancock of Spreyton, Devon, England. Born 8th January 1891. He had a brother William, and sister Ada.

    Private Ambrose Hancock’s Service

    Enlisted 17th January 1916 in Winnipeg, Manitoba with the 34th Fort Garry Horse, 3rd Royal Dragoons. He was a farmer, and stood 5’7″ tall, 140 pounds. Before enlisting, Private Ambrose Hancock had two years prior service with 9th County London Territorials.

    March past (Fort Garry Horse). June, 1916. MIKAN No. 3405679
    March past (Fort Garry Horse). June, 1916. MIKAN No. 3405679

    The Regiment entrained at Shorncliffe aboard five trains and proceeded to South Hampton, 24 February 1916. Arrived in le Havre on 25 February and proceeded to St. Elimont on 28 February. However, Squadron training commenced and continued for months.

    In April, Private Ambrose Hancock inoculated for Typhoid in England. Meanwhile, the Regiment moved to Daours in July 1916, and Ambrose completes his will on 24 July, leaving everything to his sister, Miss Ida Hancock of 16 South John Street, Adelphi Strand, London. Private Ambrose Hancock left for his unit on 14 August 1916, joining them in Neslette. Exercises continued in Soues during October.

    Private Ambrose Hancock
    Pack horse (Fort Garry Horse). June, 1916. MIKAN No. 3405675

    Death of Private Ambrose Hancock

    Killed-in-Action by shellfire, 2 January 1917. At about five o’clock in the morning of January 2nd, 1917, whilst in a dugout near Friaucourt, Hancock instantly killed by an enemy shell. However, the HQ of the Fort Garry Horse was in Friaucourt, far from the front lines. Private Ambrose Hancock actually killed in the vicinity of Combles, on the Somme.

    Private Ambrose Hancock 551926 CEFRG
    Private Ambrose Hancock 551926 CEFRG

    The village of Combles entered in the early morning of the 26th August, 1916, by units of the 56th (London) Division and of the French Army; and it remained in Allied occupation until the 24th March, 1918, when captured after a stubborn stand by the South African Brigade at Marrieres Wood. At last, retaken on the 29th August, 1918, by the 18th Division.

    British troops in front of the ruined houses in Combles. March 1917. © IWM Q 4758
    British troops in front of the ruined houses in Combles. March 1917. © IWM Q 4758

    Combles Communal Cemetery Extension

    The large village of Combles is 16 kilometres east of Albert and 13 kilometres south of Bapaume. The Communal Cemetery is on the right just before the village, and the extension is at the back, or north-east, of the Communal Cemetery.

    The village later adopted, with Flers, by the County Borough of Portsmouth. Firstly, the cemetery begun in October, 1916 by French troops, but the 94 French graves made in 1916 removed to another cemetery. Then, the first British burials took place in December, 1916. From March, 1917, to the end of May, 1918, the Extension not used. In June, July and August, 194 German soldiers buried in Plot I, but these graves, also removed; and in August and September further burials made by the 18th Division. Finally, Plots II, V, VI and VII and most of Plot IV added after the Armistice by the concentration of 944 graves from the battlefields in the neighbourhood and from smaller cemeteries.

    Ruins of the village of Combles, 14 September 1918 © IWM (Q 78745)
    Ruins of the village of Combles, 14 September 1918 © IWM (Q 78745)

    Over 1,500 Great War casualties commemorated in this site. However, of these, over half unidentified and special memorials erected to nine soldiers from the United Kingdom and one from South Africa, known or believed buried among them. In addition, other special memorials record the names of three soldiers from the United Kingdom, buried in Maurepas and Longtree Dump Military Cemeteries, whose graves destroyed by shell fire. Finally, the Extension covers an area of 5,356 square meters, enclosed by brick walls on the North-East and South-West.

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