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Category: Soldiers

Between 1914 and 1919, over 650,000 Canadians served at home and overseas during the Great War. On the Western Front in Belgium and France, Canadian soldiers of the Great War distinguished themselves in numerous battles, including Second Battle of Ypres, Battle of Vimy Ridge, and Second Battle of Passchendaele. In Canada’s Last Hundred Days of the Great War, Canadian soldiers at the sharp end of the spear breaking through the enemy’s formidable trench defences, the Hindenburg Line. Their efforts have inspired these soldier stories.

Collections

Many collections used to bring the soldier stories to life. First, and foremost, the Personnel Records of the soldiers serving in the Canadian Expeditionary Force (CEF). This collection, like the others to follow, digitized and made available by Library and Archives Canada (LAC). Secondly, the War Diaries of the CEF often provide vital information about a soldier’s life not contained in their service file. Finally, Circumstances of Death (CoD), War Graves Registers (GRRF), and Veterans Death Cards provide further information on The Fallen. These three collections in conjunction with records of the Commonwealth War Graves Commission (CWGC) vital to cases of identification and recovery of The Missing.

Courts Martial Records (FGCM)

Additional collections used to present the soldier stories include Courts Martial Records. Courts martial had the authority to try a wide range of military offences that resembled civilian crimes like fraud, theft or perjury. Others, like desertion and cowardice – purely military crimes. Records of individual courts martial consist of an average of 20 to 25 documents, mainly standardized forms. These document the trial and the charges under the Army Act.

MIKAN photo collection

Finally, the most powerful way of bringing soldier stories of the Great War to life, the images of the MIKAN collection digitized by LAC.  Often complementing these photos – images held by the Imperial War Museum (IWM), some of which also contain images captured by the Official Canadian War Photographers (CWRO) during the Great War. Both LAC and IWM have film collections which further bring the reality of the soldier stories of the Great War to life.

  • Corporal Thomas Calvert MM in the Great War

    Corporal Thomas Calvert MM in the Great War

    Corporal Thomas Calvert 13 born 30 November 1881 in Lancaster, England. Son of Mrs. Annie Parkinson, 35 Bradshaw Street, Primrose, Lancaster, England.

    MIKAN No. 3405442
    Officers, 1st Battalion, Canadian Engineers, Kalk, 1 January 1919. MIKAN No. 3405442

    Attestation

    Private Thomas Calvert attested 23 April 1915 in Winnipeg, Manitoba. At this time, a Steam Engineer with 3 years prior service in the South African Constabulary – Thomas Thomas stood 5′ 7″ tall, with fair complexion, blue eyes, and auburn hair. In addition, a ballet girl tattoo mark on right arm, and Thomas assigned $20 of his monthly pay to his mother, Mrs Annie Parkinson.

    HQ Staff

    Private Thomas Calvert transferred to 2nd Divisional HQ Staff, Shorncliffe, 1 September 1915. Later, employed as Batman and Groom, GOC Staff, 8 November 1915. Finally, to Canadian Training Centre, 9 January 1916, and taken on strength (T.o.S) Headquarters CTD on 12 August 1916.

    MIKAN No. 3404443
    Canadians in training in England. Skirmishing order, 1915. MIKAN No. 3404443

    Pvt Calvert operated on 13 March 1917, cartilage of right knee, then later discharged at Bramshott, 11 May 1917.

    Major Gen. Sir Sam Hughes talking to wounded Canadians at Red Cross Special Hospital, Buxton, England. August, 1916. Private Fred Hamilton of the 29th Battalion was also in a special hospital like the one in Buxton.MIKAN No. 3642851
    Major Gen. Sir Sam Hughes talking to wounded Canadians at Red Cross Special Hospital, Buxton, England. August, 1916. MIKAN No. 3642851

    Then, Private Thomas Calvert struck off strength (S.o.S.) on transfer to 15th Reserve Battalion, Bramshott, 17 May 1917.

    15th Canadian Reserve Battalion (Saskatchewan)

    Organized at East Sandling on 4 January 1917 under the command of Lieutenant Colonel Anson Dulmage. Firstly, formed by absorbing 32nd and 188th Battalion. Secondly, absorbed 214th and 232nd Battalion on 29 April 1917, 243rd Battalion on 9 June 1917 and 249th Battalion on March 1918. Thirdly, absorbed 19th Canadian Reserve Battalion. on 15 October 1917, and reinforced 5th and 28th Battalions and on 15 October 1917, 46th Battalion and 1st Canadian Mounted Rifles. Finally, moved to Bramshott on 23 February 1917 and to Ripon on 21 January 1919, and disbanded in England on 14 June 1919.

    MIKAN No. 3404440
    ” Canadians training in England. Quick firer section, 1915. A machine-gun section in training, armed with an M1895 Colt-Browning machine-gun and Ross service rifles”. MIKAN No. 3404440

    Private Calvert granted Good Conduct Badge, Bramshott, 16 July 1917.

    Last Will and Testament

    I devise and bequeath all my real estate unto Miss Mary Hamilton, 70 Goodwood Road, Southsea, Nr. Portsmouth, to the above, I also leave one large colored Photo of myself, now in my Mother’s Keeping, also one Gold nugget, attached to my watch chain, also in my Mother’s Keeping. Absolutely, and my personal estate I bequeath to my Mother, Mrs. Annie Parkinson, 35 Bradshaw Street, Primrose, Lancaster.

    Last Will and Testament, 22 August 1917
    MIKAN No. 3522753 Corporal Thomas Calvert
    Bayonet fighting, 1st Reserve Bn (Lieut Stewart), Seaford, England. MIKAN No. 3522753

    Having made my will. I deem it advisable to offer a few facts, not generally known to my friends or relations.

    I married a second time thinking my first wife was dead, however such was not the case. Married a second time on 7 March 1916 my first when then alive. She later divorced me, in July 1916, therefore I find myself free, although having married twice and both women are living according to the law of England. I am free should anyone claim to be my wife and try to prove same I leave one shilling.

    In case of my death, should me relations with Miss M. Hamilton be friendly, she must receive said effects mentioned. But should we have broken our friendly relations, than all my effects and Real Estate goes to my Mother.

    Miss M. Hamilton has been one of my very best friends, both in times of sickness and health.

    Very sincerely, Thomas Calvert.

    P.S. Goodwood Rd Southsea is only a temporary address.

    Thomas Calvert

    1st Battalion, D Company, Canadian Engineers

    S.o.S. on transfer to C.E.T.D., Seaford, 25 February 1918. Transferred to 1st Battalion, Canadian Engineers, 2 March 1918.

    1st Battalion, Canadian Engineers organized in France in May 1918 under the command of Lieutenant-Colonel Hugh C. Walkem. Firstly, nucleus formed from 1st Field Company and from a portion of the 107th Pioneer Battalion. Secondly, remainder of personnel from Canadian Engineers Reinforcement Depot, 1st Canadian Engineer Brigade. Finally, demobilized in Winnipeg in May 1919, and disbanded by General Order 192 of 1 November 1920. Pipe band (formerly band of 107th Pioneers). See also 1st Field Company, Canadian Engineers and 107th Battalion.

    Private Calvert S.o.S. to No. 2 Tunneling Company, 16 May 1918.

    No. 2 Tunnelling Company, Canadian Engineers

    Organized in September 1915 under the command of Major R. W. Coulthard. Mobilized at Calgary. Firstly, recruited in mining centres in Alberta and British Columbia. Then, left Halifax 22 January 1916 aboard MISSANABIE and arrived in England 30 January 1916. Finally, arrived in France 10 March 1916 with the 2nd Canadian Division, and ceased to exist 6 July 1918: personnel to 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 10th, 11th, and 12th Battalions, Canadian Engineers. Disbanded by General Order 192 of 1 November 1920.

    MIKAN No. 3404816 Corporal Thomas Calvert
    Canadians coming out of a Boche tunnel on the outskirts of Lens. September, 1917. MIKAN No. 3404816

    Private Thomas Calvert T.o.S. 1st Battalion, C.E., 24 July 1918. Private Calvert appointed Acting Corporal, 16 September 1918.

    Wounded

    While filling craters on roads in Thulin, wounded, GSW head, 9 November 1918. At this time, A/Bbdr Richard Francis Walshe in Thulin with the 61st Field Battery. While in hospital, Acting Corporal Calvert promoted Corporal, 18 November 1918.

    Canadian Engineers. Engineers working a quarry for road making material, February 1918. MIKAN No. 3256660 Corporal Thomas Calvert
    Canadian Engineers. Engineers working a quarry for road making material, February 1918. MIKAN No. 3256660

    Corporal Thomas Calvert died of wounds (bronchial pneumonia and GSW head), 23 November 1918, No. 56 General Hospital, Etaples. Buried in Plot L, Row F, Grave 22 at Etaples Military Cemetery, 24 November 1918.

    Corporal Thomas Calvert CEFRG
    Corporal Thomas Calvert. CEFRG

    Etaples Military Cemetery

    Etaples is a town about 27 kilometres south of Boulogne. The Etaples Military Cemetery is to the north of the town, on the west side of the road to Boulogne. During the Great War, the area around the small fishing port of Etaples the scene of immense concentrations of Commonwealth reinforcement camps and hospitals. Remote from attack, except from aircraft, and accessible by railway from both the northern or the southern battlefields. At its peak, 100,000 troops housed there with Commonwealth army training and reinforcement camps and an extensive complex of hospitals.

    Military Medal

    Corporal Thomas Calvert posthumously awarded the Military Medal, London Gazette No. 31173, 11 February 1919.

    Corporal Thomas Calvert Cenotaph
    Hedley, BC, Cenotaph

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